Kodi Kuyenda Patsogolo Kwa Immunochromatographic Assay Ndi Chiyani?
Mayeso a lateral flow Immunochromatographic ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuzindikira ma analytes mu chitsanzo chomwe chaperekedwa. Immunochromatography ndi kuphatikiza kwa chromatography ndi Immuno Assays. Ma LFIA ndi zida zotsika mtengo komanso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochita mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mayeso. Pali magawo osiyanasiyana a mayeso a Lateral Flow immunochromatographic monga sample pad, conjugate par, nitrocellulose membrane, ndi adsorbent pad. Komabe, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mayeso a Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic monga omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku chidutswa chimodzi kapena pepala la cellulose membrane lomwe limapangidwanso kuchokera ku njira yodulira laser. Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya Immuno Assay monga enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), kapena western blot, ma LFIA ndi abwino, odalirika, komanso achangu. Sikuti amangoperekanso ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito ndalama moyenera komanso kuchepetsa zinthu. Kuphatikiza apo, amasunga nthawi ndikupanga zotsatira mkati mwa nthawi yochepa yomwe ili mkati mwa mphindi 20 kapena pafupifupi mphindi 20. Mayeso a Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assays amagwirizana ndi ma matrices osiyanasiyana monga seramu, mkodzo, umuna, magazi, ndi malovu. Mayeso amakono amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana monga mayeso a mimba , mayeso ofulumira, chimfine, chifuwa chachikulu (TB), ndi malungo. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito poyesa kunyumba, kuyesa chitetezo cha chakudya, kuzindikira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso mankhwala a ziweto.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mayeso a lateral flow immunochromatographic assays amapangidwanso ndi chidutswa chimodzi cha nitrocellulose membrane chomwe chimapereka zotsatira mwachangu komanso zolondola, chifukwa chake, adayesedwa kuti apeze Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) yomwe ndi biomarker ya matenda a malungo yomwe imapezeka pamlingo wotsika wa mpaka 4 ng mL−1 ndipo imatha kuwonedwa ndi maso. Komanso, panalibe gawo la cross-reactivity ndi ma biomarker ena a mapuloteni a Plasmodium. Tsopano, pamene Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay idapanga imodzi ndi pepala la nitrocellulose membrane yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa idapereka zotsatira zodalirika komanso zolondola poyerekeza ndi ma LFIA omwe analipo kale kuti apeze PfHRP2. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kuchita mayeso ozindikira malungo ndipo ma biomarker ena a mapuloteni nawonso amatha kuyesedwa.
Pali mfundo zingapo zomwe Lateral Flow Immochrmotograhy Assay imagwirira ntchito. Choyamba, njira zogwirira ntchito ndi zofanana ndi za njira ya sandwich ya ELISA koma kusiyana kuli mu njira yomwe capillary action ya immunological reaction imayikidwa kudzera mu pepala la chromatographic. Kachiwiri, pamene matrix ya chitsanzo imagwera pa sample pad ya chipangizo cha LFIA, complex yotchedwa immunocomplex (Ab-Ag complex) imapangidwa chifukwa cha ma antigens omwe ali pa sample pad yokhala ndi antibody. Immunocomplex iyi imapitabe patsogolo kupita kumadera ena a chipangizo cha LFIA ndikukhudzana ndi ma antibodies omwe amatsekedwa pa nitrocellulose membrane ya chipangizocho. Pamene pali ma complex ambiri opangidwa, mzere wofiira wofiirira umayamba kuwoneka womwe umasonyeza zotsatira zabwino mwachitsanzo antigen yomwe ikufunidwa ilipo mu chitsanzo. Chipangizo cha immunochromatographic chimapangidwa polumikiza sample pad kumapeto kwa nembanemba.
Pakufunika njira zinayi poyesa Immunochromatographic pa chipangizo cha LFIA. Gawo loyamba ndikuyika chitsanzocho pa chitsanzo. Chitsanzocho chikadutsa pa chitsanzocho, kusungunuka kwa mamolekyu kumayamba kuchitika. Apa, kusungunuka kwa molekyulu yowunikira ndikofunikira chifukwa poteteza zotsatira zabwino, zimalumikizana ndi analyte yomwe ili mu chitsanzocho. Pambuyo pa njirazi, ntchito ya capillary imayamba kugwira ntchito. Kusakaniza konse kwamadzimadzi kumatengedwa kupita ku nembanemba ya nitrocellulose mothandizidwa ndi capillary action. Tsopano, mu nembanemba ya nitrocellulose, pamakhala antigen kapena antibody yomwe imasakanikirana ndi analyte yomwe imatsogolera ku zotsatira zabwino ngati ingakhalepo mu chitsanzocho. Ngati zotsatira zake zili zabwino, mzere wa pinki kapena wofiirira udzawonekera. Pedi yoyamwa kumapeto imayamwa mbali zina zilizonse zosayamwa za chitsanzocho.
Pofotokoza mwachidule ubwino wa Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay , ndi yodalirika, yachangu, yolondola, komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Komanso, ndi yotsika mtengo ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zodziwira matenda. Palibe zoletsa ndi zopinga pakusintha kwa nyengo ndi kusungitsa malo osiyanasiyana. Ndi yogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha motero mayeso aukhondo komanso otsimikizika. Komanso, amapezeka mosavuta pa kauntala ndipo munthu sayenera kupeza mankhwala ake mwachitsanzo kusunga nthawi. Pomaliza, imafuna kuchuluka kochepa kwambiri kwa zitsanzo kuti ichitike muyeso. Ndi zabwino zake, palinso zoletsa zochepa. Choyamba, imayang'ana kwambiri zotsatira zabwino m'malo mowerengera zotsatira. Pomaliza, siimakhala yovuta ngati zida zina chifukwa imatha kuzindikira ma analytes awiri nthawi imodzi.
Pali ntchito zambiri za Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana pofufuza ndi kuzindikira zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za matenda. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito poyesa kunyumba ndikupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda monga matenda opatsirana pogonana, malungo, TB, matenda a chiwindi, komanso thanzi la kubereka la amuna ndi akazi onse. Kuyesa kwa chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) kapena mayeso a mimba kumatha kuzindikirikanso pogwiritsa ntchito Lateral FLow immunochromatographic Assay. LFIA ndiyo njira yoyesera yomwe imakondedwa kwambiri pozindikira matenda aliwonse a mavairasi, mabakiteriya, kapena ngakhale tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga dengue, syphilis, filariasis, ndi zina zotero. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu sayansi ya forensics, ndi biomarkers za khansa.
Kutsiliza
Kuyesa kwa Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yosavuta yochitira mayeso amtundu uliwonse. Ili ndi zida zamakono, yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, yodalirika, komanso yothandiza. Pali zoletsa zina zomwe sizili zolemera poyerekeza ndi ubwino wa Kuyesa kwa Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic. Amaonedwa kuti ndi amakono komanso achikhalidwe pozindikira mayeso ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kwakukulu kumatsimikizira kutsimikizika kwawo ndi kudalirika. Chifukwa chake, Kuyesa kwa Lateral flow immunochromatographic Assays kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi mayeso aliwonse azachipatala.
Zothandizira
https://www.onlinebiologynotes.com/immunochromatography-assay-ica-principle-components-steps-merits-limitations-and-applications/
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2021/an/d0an02073g#!divAbstract
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/immunochromatography