The otaya ofananira nawo (Immuno) kuyesa ndi imodzi mwazida zakale zodziwitsa anthu zomwe zidapezeka ndikupanga ma 1980. Ndikusintha kwaukadaulo komanso kupita kwa nthawi, gulu lazosiyanasiyana labweretsedwa ku Kutuluka kwakanthawi (Immuno) Assay. Kwa mitundu ingapo yama analytics, mizere yoyeserera yoyeserera yotsatira mfundo za immunochromatographic ilipo. Mayeso oyamba adachitika kuti apeze mtundu wa anthu chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa kuti nsanja yodziwikirayi imakhudzidwa ndi ukadaulo wamakono chifukwa chake Kuyesa Kwambiri (Immuno) kuyesa ndikuphatikizidwa ndi ukadaulo ndi zida zosiyanasiyana monga Electrochemical and optical transducers komanso Kusamutsa deta mopanda zingwe. Kupititsa patsogolo ndikukula kwa zovuta zowunika, zingapo, komanso zochulukirapo zomwe zingapitilize kupikisana ndi zochepa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma laboratories zikuwonetsa kuti akutsogola komanso atsogola.
Kufufuza kwa SWOT kwa Otsatira otaya Immuno Zofufuza imapereka kufotokozera za Mphamvu, zofooka, mwayi, ndi kuthekera mwatsatanetsatane. Choyambirira, kukambirana za mphamvu yaku Lateral flow Imuuno assay; yoyamba ndi yoti imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulikonse komwe pamafunika chisamaliro monga zipatala, zipinda zodzidzimutsa, chipinda chowunikira madokotala, kuyesa mankhwala opangira zinthu, kupeza njira, kuwunika kupezeka kapena kupezeka kwa zoopsa zosiyanasiyana zopatsirana kapena matenda kapena ngakhale m'mafakitale azakudya ndi zakudya, zochitika za azimayi kapena zachiwerewere ndizofala. Ndiyonso njira yoyeserera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyerekeza ndi biowarfare, forensics, komanso kukhazikitsa malamulo. Atanena izi, mayeso odziyimira pawokha amachitika pazitsanzo zomwe zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino. Komanso, kumayiko omwe akutukuka kumene, Lateral Flow Immuno Assay imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa palibe chifukwa choti mizere izikhala mufiriji. Komanso, kutanthauzira zotsatira ndikokwanira. Otsatira Otsatira a Immuno Assays ndi zotayika ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha kenako nkuzazitaya.
Ndi zolimba, zofooka zimapezekanso. Choyambirira, ma LFA sangathe kutsukidwa chifukwa amangokhala gawo limodzi ndipo samalangizidwa kuti asatsekeretseko. Cholinga chake ndikuti kutsekereza kapena kuwatsuka kumatha kuwononga chinyontho komanso kuyika bwino ma hydrophobicity komwe kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zina. Chofooka china cha Lateral Flow Immuno Assays ndikuti sizingasokonezedwe bwino chifukwa chida chimakhala ndi choponya. Kugwiritsa ntchito kokagwetsa mosamala ndikuwasamalira bwino kumatha kubweretsa zolakwika pazotsatira zake. Kubwera pazambiri zadongosolo lazida zoletsedwazo zitha kupezeka pamenepo. Mavoliyumu amangolekezera 100 μL ndipo amafikira mpaka 1 milliliter. Kupitilira malire a mavoliyumu kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa kutayika.
Mwayi mu Lateral Flow Immuno Assays ukukhudzana ndi ntchito za labotale. Mwachitsanzo, timawona mayesero apakati zimachitika mosavuta kunyumba. Kuyezetsa nyumba kwapeza mwayi wambiri kotero kuti kumatha kuchitidwa mosavuta kunyumba ndipo zotsatira zake zitha kupezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso osapatsidwa mankhwala amapezekanso omwe angapezeke kudzera pa intaneti kapena mankhwala ena. Mwayi wa Kufufuza Kwotsatira zikuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku popeza ndiwo njira zoyeserera kwambiri kuti apeze zotsatira zachangu kwambiri monga zipinda zadzidzidzi, zipatala, ogwira ntchito zamalamulo, kuwunika kupezeka kapena kupezeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, azamalamulo, ndi zina zambiri. Mpata wina umakhudzana ndi kufooka kwa mawu komwe kwafotokozedwa kale. Ngakhale pali malire pamatrix monga magazi, thukuta, seramu, mkodzo, plasma, ndi zina zotero ndi mwayi wopeza zotsatira zolondola kwambiri pokwaniritsa chidwi cha wofufuza pano. Ngati wowunikira yemwe walipo alipo pamatrix a Lateral Flow Immuno Assays (LFAs), kuchuluka kochepa kulibe kanthu; m'malo mwake, ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Ngakhale kuti Lateral Flow Immuno Assays ali ndi mphamvu zawo, zofooka zawo, ndi mwayi wawo pali chinthu chinanso chofufuza za SWOT chomwe sichiyenera kuiwalika ndipo ndizowopseza ku Lateral Flow Immuno Assays. Monga kudziwika kuti pali njira zambiri zoyeserera pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo ndipo yakhala gawo la ntchitoyi, chifukwa chake, zida ndi mapulogalamu amachitidwe awa sizotsika mtengo koma amapezeka pamsika. Kuti muwonetsetse bwino mawonekedwe amawu, titha kuwona kuti chromatography-mass spectrometry ndi madzi chromatography-mass spectrometry zimafunikira ogwira ntchito, ndipo njira ya miniaturization yazida zidapangitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito osati Lateral Flow Immuno Assays. Komanso mawonekedwe oyesera ma lab-on-a-chip akuchulukirachulukira komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuposa njira zoyeserera zoyeserera zamagetsi ndi mawonekedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, ma enzyme immuno assays nthawi zonse amachitika mu labotale momwe ogwira ntchito kapena ogwira nawo ntchito amapezeka. Koma tsopano polingalira zoopseza zaukadaulo ndi ukadaulo mayesowo atha kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zokhazokha zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti ELISA Robots.
Ntchito zamankhwala kumayiko akumadzulo zitha kuthandiza kuti pakhale kuphatikiza LFA mu kapangidwe ka labu-pa-chip. Kuphatikiza apo, labotale yazachipatala nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupi, imapereka zowonjezera. Mtengo, komano, udzawonjezeka. Otsatira Otsatira a Immuno Assay Ndiwo malo oyenera kuchitira ma labotale osaloledwa / osowa m'malo ochezera. Zingwe zimatha kusungidwa kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zikunenedwa, zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri ziyenera kupezeka mosavuta, ndipo zowoneka bwino kapena zotsatira zowerengera zopezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, kapangidwe ka bar code kapena Reflexometer iyenera kukhala yokwanira. Mitundu yatsopano yafunsidwa kuti iwonjezere chidwi pakulimbitsa chizindikirocho ndi ma colloidal nanoparticles agolide kapena kuphatikiza ma nanoparticles agolide ndi horseradish peroxidase, zomwe zimabweretsa kukweza ma siginolo. Ikufotokozedwanso momwe mungapezere ma antigen ndi ma antibodies pogwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi awiri ogwiritsira ntchito mapuloteni awiri. Komabe, ma LFA ndi omwe amayesedwa kwambiri komanso amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesera.
Zothandizira
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18696055/
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Advantages-and-disadvantages-of-the-lateral-flow-assay_fig5_304624146
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00216-008-2287-2
https://viroresearch.com/lateral-flow-assay-advantages-disadvantages/
