Otsatira Otsatira Immnunoassay: SWOT Yake
Otsatira Otsatira (Immuno) Assay; mphamvu zake, zofooka, mwayi, ndi ziwopsezo
Kuyesa kwa lateral flow (Immuno) ndi imodzi mwa njira zakale zodziwira matenda zomwe zidapezeka kenako nkupangidwa m'ma 1980. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ukadaulo ndi kupita kwa nthawi, gulu la mitundu yosiyanasiyana labweretsedwa ku Lateral flow (Immuno) Assay . Pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya analytes, mipiringidzo yoyesera lateral flow yozikidwa pa mfundo za immunochromatographic ilipo. Mayeso oyamba adachitidwa kuti adziwe human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, nsanja yodziwira matenda iyi imakhudzidwa ndi ukadaulo wamakono, motero Lateral Flow (Immuno) assay ikuphatikizidwa ndi ukadaulo ndi zida zosiyanasiyana monga Electrochemical ndi optical transducers komanso Wireless data transfer. Kupita patsogolo ndi kufalikira kwa mayeso ozindikira, multianalyte, ndi quantitative omwe adzakhalabe opikisana ndi ena mwa ma diagnostics omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma laboratories akuwonetsa kuti ali patsogolo komanso apamwamba.
Kusanthula kwa SWOT kwa Lateral flow Immuno Assay kumapereka kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane za Mphamvu, zofooka, mwayi, ndi mphamvu. Choyamba, kukambirana za mphamvu za Lateral flow Imuuno assay; yoyamba ndi yakuti imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi kulikonse komwe kukufunika chisamaliro monga m'zipatala, m'zipinda zadzidzidzi, m'chipinda choyesera madokotala, kuyesa mankhwala achilengedwe, kupeza matenda, kuwona ngati pali kapena kusakhalapo kwa zoopsa zosiyanasiyana zopatsirana komanso matenda kapena ngakhale m'mafakitale azakudya ndi chakudya, malo ochitira phytopathological kapena kusakaniza ndi zinthu zosafunikira ndizofala. Ndi njira yoyesera yomwe imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'munda wa biowarfare, forensics, ndi apolisi. Komabe, mayeso odziyimira pawokha amachitidwa pa zitsanzo zomwe zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino. Komanso, m'maiko osatukuka, Lateral Flow Immuno Assay imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa palibe chifukwa choti mizere isungidwe mufiriji. Kuphatikiza apo, kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira ndikokwanira. Lateral Flow Immuno Assays ndi yotayika ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kamodzi kokha kenako nkutayidwa.
Ndi zolimba, zofooka zimapezekanso. Choyambirira, ma LFA sangathe kutsukidwa chifukwa amangokhala gawo limodzi ndipo samalangizidwa kuti asatsekeretseko. Cholinga chake ndikuti kutsekereza kapena kuwatsuka kumatha kuwononga chinyontho komanso kuyika bwino ma hydrophobicity komwe kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zina. Chofooka china cha Lateral Flow Immuno Assays ndikuti sizingasokonezedwe bwino chifukwa chida chimakhala ndi choponya. Kugwiritsa ntchito kokagwetsa mosamala ndikuwasamalira bwino kumatha kubweretsa zolakwika pazotsatira zake. Kubwera pazambiri zadongosolo lazida zoletsedwazo zitha kupezeka pamenepo. Mavoliyumu amangolekezera 100 μL ndipo amafikira mpaka 1 milliliter. Kupitilira malire a mavoliyumu kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa kutayika.
Mwayi mu Lateral Flow Immuno Assays ukukhudzana ndi ntchito zomwe sizichitika m'ma laboratories. Mwachitsanzo, tikuwona kuti mayeso a mimba amachitidwa mosavuta kunyumba. Kuyesa kunyumba kwakhala ndi mwayi waukulu kotero kuti kungachitike mosavuta kunyumba ndipo zotsatira zake zitha kupezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso osaperekedwa ndi dokotala amapezekanso omwe angapezeke kudzera pa intaneti kapena ku pharmacy. Mwayi wa Lateral Flow assay ukuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku chifukwa ndi njira yoyesera yodziwira matenda yomwe imapezeka mwachangu kwambiri monga m'ma wadi odzidzimutsa, zipatala, apolisi, kuwona kusakhalapo kapena kupezeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kafukufuku wa forensics, ndi zina zambiri. Mwayi wina ukugwirizana ndi kufooka kwa voliyumu komwe kwafotokozedwa kale. Ngakhale pali malire mu voliyumu ya matrix monga magazi, thukuta, seramu, mkodzo, plasma, ndi zina zotero. Ndi mwayi wopeza zotsatira zolondola kwambiri pokwaniritsa kukhudzika koyenera kwa analyte yomwe ilipo. Ngati analyte yomwe ikufunidwa ilipo mu matrix ya Lateral Flow Immuno Assays (LFAs), voliyumu yochepa siili yofunika; m'malo mwake, ndikulimbikitsidwa kwambiri.
Ngakhale kuti Lateral Flow Immuno Assays ali ndi mphamvu zawo, zofooka zawo, ndi mwayi wawo pali chinthu chinanso chofufuza za SWOT chomwe sichiyenera kuiwalika ndipo ndizowopseza ku Lateral Flow Immuno Assays. Monga kudziwika kuti pali njira zambiri zoyeserera pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo ndipo yakhala gawo la ntchitoyi, chifukwa chake, zida ndi mapulogalamu amachitidwe awa sizotsika mtengo koma amapezeka pamsika. Kuti muwonetsetse bwino mawonekedwe amawu, titha kuwona kuti chromatography-mass spectrometry ndi madzi chromatography-mass spectrometry zimafunikira ogwira ntchito, ndipo njira ya miniaturization yazida zidapangitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito osati Lateral Flow Immuno Assays. Komanso mawonekedwe oyesera ma lab-on-a-chip akuchulukirachulukira komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuposa njira zoyeserera zoyeserera zamagetsi ndi mawonekedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, ma enzyme immuno assays nthawi zonse amachitika mu labotale momwe ogwira ntchito kapena ogwira nawo ntchito amapezeka. Koma tsopano polingalira zoopseza zaukadaulo ndi ukadaulo mayesowo atha kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zokhazokha zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti ELISA Robots.
Kutsiliza
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala m'maiko akumadzulo kungathandize kuti LFA iphatikizidwe mu kapangidwe ka labu pa chip. Kuphatikiza apo, labotale yachipatala nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupi, zomwe zimapereka ntchito zina. Koma mtengo wake udzakhala wokwera kwambiri. Kuyesa kwa Lateral Flow Immuno ndi malo omwe amakondedwa kwambiri kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito kunja kwa labotale pamalo osamalira/osowa m'malo omwe ali ndi zinthu zochepa. Zidutswa zimatha kusungidwa kutentha kwa chipinda kwa nthawi yayitali. Komabe, zinthu zapamwamba ziyenera kupezeka mosavuta, ndipo zotsatira zowoneka bwino kapena zowerengeka zomwe zimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, kapangidwe ka barcode kapena reflectometer ziyenera kukhala zokwanira. Ma framework atsopano aperekedwa kuti awonjezere kukhudzidwa mwa kulimbitsa chizindikiro ndi colloidal gold nanoparticles kapena kuphatikiza nanoparticles zagolide ndi horseradish peroxidase, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chizindikiro chikule. Zafotokozedwanso momwe mungadziwire ma antigen ndi ma antibodies pogwiritsa ntchito ma conjugate pads awiri kuti muzindikire kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni awiri. Komabe, ma LFA ndi njira yoyesera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso yodziwika bwino yodziwira matendawa.
Zothandizira
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18696055/
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Advantages-and-disadvantages-of-the-lateral-flow-assay_fig5_304624146
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00216-008-2287-2
https://viroresearch.com/lateral-flow-assay-advantages-disadvantages/