Ukuvavanywa kokukhulelwa kokuhamba kwexesha kunye nendlela esebenza ngayo?
Uvavanyo lweLateral Flow sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo ngokuchonga i-target analyte, ukuba ikhona okanye ayikho kwisampulu. Izixhobo zeLateral Flow Assay zisetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela ngezibonelelo ezininzi kwaye enye yeenzuzo kukuba zinokusetyenziselwa uvavanyo lwasekhaya. Ngokuphathelele uvavanyo lwasekhaya, umntu unokufumanisa izifo, usulelo, kwaye enze uvavanyo lokukhulelwa ekhaya . Uvavanyo lweLateral Flow Assay lusetyenziselwa ukuchonga ii-biomarkers kumchamo, kumathe, egazini, kwiplasma, nakwezinye iisampuli ngeenjongo zokuxilonga. Ii-LFA eziqhelekileyo zivelisa iziphumo ezinomlinganiselo okanye ezisemgangathweni, ezifuna ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukufumanisa iziphumo zobuninzi. I-LFA yindlela yovavanyo esebenzisa iphepha ukufumanisa nokulinganisa ii-analytes kwimixube enzima. Isampulu ibekwa kwisixhobo sovavanyo, kwaye iziphumo zihlala zifumaneka kwimizuzu emihlanu ukuya kwengamashumi amathathu.
Izinto ezihamba ngokulandelelana kwezixhobo sisampulu sephedi, iphedi yokudibanisa, inwebu ye-nitrocellulose, kunye nephedi ye-adsorbent. Xa isampulu okanye imatriki ifakwa kwisampulu yephedi iqukuqela isiya kwiphedi edityanisiweyo apho iantigens zebhayoloji kunye nezibulala-ntsholongwane ziqala ukubopha kunye namasuntswana avela kumxube wesampulu yepad kunye neeanoparticles kwiphedi edibeneyo. Emva koko, baya kwi-membrane. Apha ii-nanoparticles ziya kuba ngumhlalutyi ziboshwe kwaye kwisixhobo soVavanyo soVavanyo lweLateral imigca emibini ilayini yovavanyo kunye nomgca wolawulo. Ezi nanoparticles ziya kuqala ukuhamba ngapha nangapha komgca wovavanyo okanye kumgca wokulawula.
Umgca wovavanyo uqukethe ii-nanoparticles ezingafakwanga ezinokudibanisa namasuntswana kwiphedi edibeneyo ukubonisa ubukho bohlalutyo ekujoliswe kulo. Nangona kunjalo, ukusuka kumgca wovavanyo, ulwelo ludlulela kumgca wolawulo. Umgca wolawulo uqulethe iigundand zobudlelane ezisebenza ukubopha amasuntswana okudibanisa kunye nohlalutyo okanye ngaphandle komhlalutyi ukubonisa ukuba isixhobo se-assay esisecaleni sisebenza kakuhle kwaye ngokufanelekileyo. Ngoku, emva kokuba ulwelo ludlulile ukusuka kwimigca yomibini okt umgca wovavanyo kunye nomgca wolawulo kukho iphedi yentengiso. Iphedi yeAdsorbent isebenza kwintengiso yazo zonke izinto ezingamanzi ezingaphezulu. Kuba ixabiso elincinci nelilawulwayo le-matrix liyafuneka, ke ngoko, liqinisekisa ukuvumela ukuhamba kolwelo olufunekayo kuphela.
Ngelixa senza uvavanyo lokukhulelwa kwizixhobo zokuhamba ezisemacaleni eziziifomathi ezimbini oko kukuthi ifomathi yokhuphiswano kunye nefomathi yesandwich. Ukusetyenziswa kwefomathi yokhuphiswano kukufumanisa ii-analytes xa ii-antibodies okanye i-analyte zanele ukubopha okuninzi. Kwifomathi yokhuphiswano, kukho iimolekyuli ze-analyte kumgca wovavanyo kunye ne-protein-analyte complex ene-conjugate pad echaza ukuba kukho okanye akukho analyte. Kolu hlobo lwefomathi, ukuba i-target analyte ayikho, ii-conjugates ziya kubopha kumgca wovavanyo. Ukufika kwifomathi yesandwich yovavanyo lokukhulelwa lwezixhobo zokulinganisa ukuhamba kwe-lateral, le fomathi isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ii-target analytes, ukuba zikhona okanye azikho. Ngaphezu koko, ezi analytes zinkulu kufuneka zibe nee-epitopes. Kwakhona ii-antibodies kwiindawo ezimbini zokulinganisa zale fomathi zibopha ngendlela enye i-analyte eya kubopha ngayo kunye nee-conjugated particles kwaye enye i-analyte enolunye uvavanyo lokubopha oluya kusetyenziswa kumgca wovavanyo lwe-lateral flow Assay. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-target analyte ifunyenwe iya kubopha kunye ne-antibody-nanoparticle conjugate kwaye ivelise iziphumo ezifunwayo. Kwakhona, ingongoma ebalulekileyo kukuba kwifomathi yesandwich yesixhobo se-latera Flow essay sovavanyo lokukhulelwa, umgca onemibala uvela oko kuthetha ukuba iziphumo zilungile. Nangona kunjalo, kwifomathi yokhuphiswano kuya kubakho ukungabikho/ukunyamalala kwemigca enemibala kwisixhobo oko kuthetha ukuba iziphumo zilungile. kwisixhobo sovavanyo lwe-lateral flow assay sisebenza ngale ndlela yokwenza uvavanyo lokukhulelwa kuso.
Uhlalutyo lovavanyo lokuhamba kwemithambo ecaleni, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba uvavanyo luya kuba kwimiqondiso enokufundwa ngamehlo kwaye iqondakala lula. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sovavanyo lokuhamba ecaleni sinovakalelo, kubalulekile ukuba nomqondiso onamandla kakhulu onokwenzeka ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Ukuba kukho amasuntswana amakhulu, ukubopha kuya kuba namandla kodwa ukuba kuya kuba makhulu kakhulu kuya kubakho umqobo ekuhambeni kwesampuli. Iziphumo zesixhobo sovavanyo lokuhamba ecaleni ziya kuba kwezi ndlela zilandelayo, oko kukuthi, ubunjani, ubuncinci, kunye nobungakanani. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lokukhulelwa kwisixhobo sovavanyo lokuhamba ecaleni, luya kubonisa iziphumo zobunjani, oko kukuthi, Ewe okanye Hayi. Kuvavanyo lokukhulelwa lweLateral Flow , uhlalutyo kunye neziphumo zisekelwe kuhlalutyo lweHCG . I-HCG imele i-Human chorionic gonadotropin eyenziwe ziiseli ze-trophoblast. Xa i-matrix ifakwa kwi-sample pad yesixhobo, i-Human chorionic gonadotropin ibotshelelwe kwi-nanoparticles zegolide ezidityaniswe ne-test antibody kunye ne-conjugated antibody. Ngenxa yokuba olu ludibaniso oluqhelekileyo lwe-hCG kumchamo wakho, ubuninzi bayo buyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni uluthatha nini uvavanyo. Umda wokufumanisa uvavanyo uhlala uphakathi kwe-20 kunye ne-100 mIU/mL. Ukuthetha ngokuxilongwa kobuninzi, ubunzulu bomgca wovavanyo bumiselwa ngumgangatho omiselweyo obizwa ngokuba ngumgangatho wokulinganisa kwaye koku, ii-analytes ziguqulwa zibe yixabiso loxinzelelo. Ukumisela iziphumo ezichanekileyo, kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe i-strip reader ukufunda iziphumo kwisixhobo se-Lateral Flow Assay.
isiphelo
Izixhobo zovavanyo lweLateral Flow Assay zibiza kancinci kwaye kulula ukuzisebenzisa ezisetyenziswa ngamazwe aphuhlileyo nasaphuhlayo. Ngaphezu koko, izixhobo zovavanyo lweLateral Flow ziyindlela ethembekileyo yokuvavanya ukukhulelwa njengoko zivelisa iziphumo zokwenyani kwaye phantse wonke umntu uyazi indlela yokuzisebenzisa xa ekulungele. Isixhobo sovavanyo lweLateral Flow sesona siphezulu sokwenza naluphi na uhlobo lovavanyo ekhaya.
Ucaphulo
https://nanocomposix.com/pages/introduction-to-lateral-flow-rapid-test-diagnostics
https://studentsxstudents.com/pregnancy-tests-covid-19-testing-an-explanation-of-lateral-flow-assays-b45282ebdda4