Ngabe Isebenza kanjani i-Lateral Flow Assay?

Ngaphambi kokungena ezimisweni zokusebenza nokusebenza kwe- Lateral Flow Assay kubalulekile ukunikeza isingeniso esifushane mayelana ne- Lateral Flow Assay . I-Lateral Flow Assay noma ukubizwa ngelinye igama okungukuthi i-immunochromatography isetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kwabahlaziyi ukuze kutholakale imiphumela efiselekayo. Abalingisi abaphambili abahilelekile kuleli qembu yi-antigen, izinhlobo zama-antibody, kanye nesampula noma i-matrix. Futhi, i- Lateral Flow Assays isetshenziselwa izinjongo eziningana zokuthola noma zokuxilonga njengokuthi isetshenziselwa ukuthola umdlavuza nge-cancer marker, ukukhulelwa, ukuthola ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa noma ukudlula ngokweqile, amagciwane, izifo ezithathelwanayo, kanye nezimpawu zenhliziyo.

Ukusebenza kwe-Lateral Flow Assay kusekelwe ezicini ezine. Okokuqala, iyidivayisi enephedi yesampula, iphedi ye-conjugate, umugqa wokuhlola, kanye nomugqa wokulawula ( i-nitrocellulose strip ). Ingxenye ngayinye yalokhu okuklanywe ngayo ihlukaniswe ibanga elincane elivumela ukugeleza okubushelelezi kwesampula. Isinyathelo sokuqala sokusebenzisa le divayisi ukuthi isampula ibekwe kudivayisi egeleza iye kudivayisi yokugeleza ehlangothini ngokugcwele. Uma isigeleza, inqubo yokuhlunga yenzeka lapho izinhlayiya ezingafuneki noma ezingafuneki zisuswa noma zihlungwe. Phakathi nesikhathi esinikeziwe sokuqedwa kokuhlolwa kwe-Lateral flow assay, yonke inqubo iyenzeka futhi ngaleyo ndlela imiphumela ingabonakala. Lapho isampula ifika kuphedi ye-conjugate yedivayisi izinhlayiya ezomile kuphedi zixutshwa nezinhlayiya zesampula.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo esenzekayo ukugeleza kwama-nanoparticles aboshwe yi-analyte nokuthola ukufinyelela kolayini bokulawula okuqhubeka kuholele emiphumeleni. I-specimen ingaqala ukugelezela kuphedi yokuhlangana, equkethe ama-nanoparticles anemibala kakhulu noma i-fluorescent ene-antibody kusendlalelo sayo esiphezulu. Kukhona nephedi yokukhotha ebamba isampula noma isampuli yotshwala ngokuphelele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi alukho uketshezi olushiywe ngemuva kolayini bokuhlola nokulawula. Umugqa wokulawula wedivayisi yokugeleza kwe-lateral obhalwe ukuthi C uqukethe izindlala ezisondelene ezisiza ukubopha i-nanoparticle conjugate noma ngaphandle kokuba khona komhlaziyi kusisombululo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi isilingo sisebenza kahle kunokunye . Ngokuyinhloko, indlela yokuhlola usebenzisa le divayisi isuselwa kuzici zokuphendula kwe-antigen-antibody. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla ukuvivinywa kwe-lateral flow assay kunganikeza ukufundwa ngezindlela ezimbili kungaba ngokuhlaziywa kwekhwalithi noma okulinganiselwe.

Ukuziholela phambili encazelweni enabile, isigaba sokuqala ngesephedi lesampula lapho isampuli igeleza khona bese limuncwa. Kukhona ithuba lokuthi isihlungi singaba kuphedi lesampula ukugeleza inani elinembile nelidingekayo lesampula. Isigaba sesibili sikuphedi yokuhlangana. Iphedi ye-conjugate iqala ukusebenza ngemuva kokungeniswa kwesampula futhi inamalebula ahlanganisiwe nama-antibody azobalwa uma ngabe ama-analyt akhona kusampula noma cha emicimbini ebophayo. Ngemuva kwalezi zigaba ezimbili, ukusebenza kolwelwesi lwe-nitrocellulose kuqala ukusebenza. Kulwelwesi lwe-nitrocellulose, ama-analytic noma ama-antibody akhona kusampula kanye ne-conjugated pad azohlangana kanye nalawo wephedi ye-nitrocellulose. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izodlulela kuphedi lokumunca elizosiza ekutholeni inani elengeziwe lesampula futhi likhiqize imiphumela.

Ukuze kuboniswe ukusebenza kwe- Lateral Flow Assay Test , isibonelo sekhithi yokuhlola ngokushesha ye-antibody ye-Covid-19 singathathwa. Lapho isampula noma isampula ifakwa kuphedi yesampula yedivayisi yokuhlola ukugeleza kwe-lateral idlula kakhulu kwifilimu ekhona kudivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi ifilimu yokuhlunga. Uma isidlulisiwe, ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kwe-target analyte kuzohlolwa futhi uma isampula izoba nama-analyte adingekayo izohlangana ne-antigen ebizwa ngokuthi i-colloidal-gold label antigen ezoba nebhande elinombala. Uma kukhona ibhande elinombala libonisa ukuba khona kwama-target analyte kusampula eyongezwe ku-Lateral flow assay test ngenhloso yokuhlola nokuxilonga. Futhi uma kungekho mugqa onombala kusho ukuthi imiphumela ayisebenzi Okokugcina kodwa okungabalulekile, kukhona umugqa wokulawula wedivayisi yokuhlola ukugeleza kwe-Lateral okhombisa ukuthi inani elanele lesampula lifakiwe kudivayisi.

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi indlela yokuhlola ukugeleza kwe-lateral esebenza ngayo, kubalulekile futhi ukuxoxa ngokuhumusha imiphumela. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda izingxenye ezahlukene zedivayisi njenge- conjugate pad , isampula pad , njll. Ngakho-ke, lapho ama-antibodies ahlanganisiwe eqoqana emigqeni yokulawula, imigqa iqala ukubonakala ikhombisa imiphumela. Imigqa ebonakalayo kumalebula e-nanosphere egolide okuyiwona amalebula asetshenziswa kakhulu, anombala obomvu futhi awadingi ukuthuthukiswa. Ubukhulu bezinhlayiya zegolide ezincane bunquma imibala ehlukene ebomvu, futhi amandla aboniswa umkhawulo wama-antibodies ahlanganisiwe aboshwe emigqeni engashukumi. Uma umugqa obomvu uvela emgqeni wokuhlola khona-ke ubonisa ukuthi umphumela ulungile. Uma sikhuluma ngamandla, kuncike enanini le-analyte elikhona ku-matrix yesampula. Futhi, ukubonakala komugqa wokulawula kudivayisi yokuhlola ukugeleza kwe-lateral kuyinto ebalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inani elanele lesampula linikeziwe futhi inani alinciphi ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kunikezwe imiphumela enembile.

Isiphetho

Ukusebenza kwe- Lateral Flow Assay kulula futhi kuyaqondakala. Njengoba zingagcini nje ngamalabhorethri kodwa zisebenzela izinjongo ezingezona ezelabhorethri futhi umuntu angazisebenzisela kalula futhi aqonde izingxenye ezahlukene. Izakhiwo eziphawulekayo zedivayisi yokuhlola ukugeleza kwe-lateral, kanye nama- nanoparticles egolide , zenze ukuhlolwa kwaba inqubo elula futhi efinyelelekayo. Zinendima enkulu ezinhlosweni zezokwelapha nezokuxilongwa.

Okubhekwayo
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/lateral-flow-test
https://www.abingdonhealth.com/services/what-is-lateral-flow-immunoassay/
https://www.abingdonhealth.com/services/what-is-lateral-flow-immunoassay/
https://nanocomposix.com/pages/introduction-to-lateral-flow-rapid-test-diagnostics#target