Ngabe Isebenza kanjani i-Lateral Flow Assay?

Ngaphambi kokungena ezimisweni zokusebenza nokusebenza kwe Ukugeleza Kwangemuva yokuncwaninga izinsimbi kanye namakhemikhali kubalulekile ukunikeza isingeniso esifushane mayelana ne- Ukuhlanjululwa Kwesikhathi Esizayo. I-Lateral Flow Assay noma ukubizwa ngelinye igama okungukuthi i-immunochromatography isetshenziselwa ukuthola ubukhona noma ukungabikho kwama-analyties ukuthola imiphumela oyifunayo. Abalingisi abaphambili ababambe iqhaza kuleli qembu ama-antigen, izinhlobo ze-antibody, kanye ne-specimen noma i-matrix. Futhi, Ukuhlolisiswa Kokuhamba Kwamuva zisetshenziselwa izinombolo eziningi zokuthola noma zokuxilonga njengoba zisetshenziselwa ukuthola umdlavuza ngophawu lomdlavuza, ukukhulelwa, ukuthola ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa noma ukweqisa, amagciwane, izifo ezithathelwanayo, kanye nezimpawu zenhliziyo.

Ukusebenza kwe-Lateral Flow Assay kusekelwe ezicini ezine. Okokuqala, iyidivayisi enephedi yesampula, iphedi ehlanganisiwe, umugqa wokuhlola, kanye nomugqa wokulawula (umugqa we-nitrocellulose). Ingxenye ngayinye yalokhu okusunguliwe ihlukaniswa ngebanga elincane elivumela ukuhamba kahle kwesampula. Isinyathelo sokuqala sokusebenzisa le divayisi ukuthi isampula lifakwa kudivayisi egelezelwa kudivayisi ye-lateral flow ngokugcwele. Uma igeleza inqubo yokuhlunga yenzeka lapho izinhlayiya ezingafuneki noma ezingathandeki zingasuswa noma zihlungwe. Ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esinikeziwe sokuqedwa kokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwe-lateral flow, yonke inqubo yenzeka ngakho-ke imiphumela iyabonakala. Lapho isampula lifinyelela kuphedi yokuhlangana yedivayisi izinhlayiya ezomisiwe kuphedi ziyaxubana nezinhlayiya zesampula.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo esenzekayo ukugeleza kwama-nanoparticles aboshwe yi-analyte nokuthola ukufinyelela kolayini bokulawula okuqhubeka kuholele emiphumeleni. I-specimen ingaqala ukugelezela kuphedi yokuhlangana, equkethe ama-nanoparticles anemibala kakhulu noma i-fluorescent ene-antibody kusendlalelo sayo esiphezulu. Kukhona nephedi yokukhotha ebamba isampula noma isampuli yotshwala ngokuphelele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi alukho uketshezi olushiywe ngemuva kolayini bokuhlola nokulawula. Umugqa wokulawula wedivayisi yokugeleza kwe-lateral obhalwe ukuthi C uqukethe izindlala ezisondelene ezisiza ukubopha i-nanoparticle conjugate noma ngaphandle kokuba khona komhlaziyi kusisombululo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi isilingo sisebenza kahle kunokunye . Ngokuyinhloko, indlela yokuhlola usebenzisa le divayisi isuselwa kuzici zokuphendula kwe-antigen-antibody. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla ukuvivinywa kwe-lateral flow assay kunganikeza ukufundwa ngezindlela ezimbili kungaba ngokuhlaziywa kwekhwalithi noma okulinganiselwe.

Ukuziholela phambili encazelweni enabile, isigaba sokuqala ngesephedi lesampula lapho isampuli igeleza khona bese limuncwa. Kukhona ithuba lokuthi isihlungi singaba kuphedi lesampula ukugeleza inani elinembile nelidingekayo lesampula. Isigaba sesibili sikuphedi yokuhlangana. Iphedi ye-conjugate iqala ukusebenza ngemuva kokungeniswa kwesampula futhi inamalebula ahlanganisiwe nama-antibody azobalwa uma ngabe ama-analyt akhona kusampula noma cha emicimbini ebophayo. Ngemuva kwalezi zigaba ezimbili, ukusebenza kolwelwesi lwe-nitrocellulose kuqala ukusebenza. Kulwelwesi lwe-nitrocellulose, ama-analytic noma ama-antibody akhona kusampula kanye ne-conjugated pad azohlangana kanye nalawo wephedi ye-nitrocellulose. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izodlulela kuphedi lokumunca elizosiza ekutholeni inani elengeziwe lesampula futhi likhiqize imiphumela.

Ukwenza isibonelo ngokusebenza kwe- Ukuhlolwa Kwesilinganiso Sokulandelana Kwamuva, singathathwa isibonelo se-antibody test test kit esheshayo ye-Covid-19. Lapho isampula noma i-specimen ingezwa kuphedi lesampula ledivayisi ye-lateral flow assay iyaqhubeka idlule kwisethulo sefilimu kudivayisi ebizwa nge-filter film. Uma sesidlulisiwe kuzoba khona noma ukungabikho komhlaziyi ohlosiwe kuzohlolwa futhi uma isampula lizoba nama-analyte afiselekayo lizohlangana ne-antigen ebizwa nge-colloidal-gold label antigen ezoba nebhande elinombala. Uma kukhona ibhendi enemibala isho ubukhona bama-analyties akhonjiwe kusifanekiso esingezwe ekuhlolweni kwe-Lateral flow assay yokuhlola nokuxilonga. Futhi uma kungekho ulayini onemibala kusho ukuthi imiphumela ayivumelekile Okokugcina, kunolayini wokulawula wedivayisi ye-Lateral flow assay ekhombisa ukuthi inani elanele lesampula selingeziwe kudivayisi.

Ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani i-lateral flow assay kubalulekile futhi ukuxoxa ngokuchazwa kwemiphumela. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zedivayisi njenge iphedi yokuhlanganisa, isampula padnjll. Ngakho-ke, lapho ama-antibody ahlanganisiwe ehlangana kolayini bokulawula, ulayini uqala ukubonakala ukukhombisa imiphumela. Imigqa ebonakalayo kumalebula e-nanosphere egolide angamalebula asetshenziswa kakhulu, anombala obomvu futhi awadingi kuthuthukiswa. Ubukhulu be- ama-nanoparticles egolide nquma imibala ehlukahlukene ebomvu, futhi amandla akhonjiswa umkhawulo wamasosha omzimba ahlanganisiwe avalelwe emigqeni engenamandla. Uma umugqa obomvu uvela kulayini wokuhlola bese kukhombisa ukuthi umphumela ulungile. Ukukhuluma ngamandla, kuya ngenani le-analyte elikhona ku-matrix yesifanekiso. Futhi, ukuvela kolayini wokulawula kudivayisi ye-lateral flow assay kufanele-kumele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi inani elanele lesampuli linikezwe futhi inani alikho ngaphansi kokuhlolwa nokunikeza imiphumela enembile.

Isiphetho

Ukusebenza kwe- Ukuhlanjululwa Kwesikhathi Esizayo kulula futhi iyaqondakala. Njengoba zingakhawulelwe o kumalabhorethri kunalokho zisebenzela izinhloso ezingekho emalabhorethri futhi umuntu angazisebenzisa kalula futhi aqonde izingxenye ezahlukahlukene. Izici eziphawulekayo zedivayisi ye-lateral flow assay device, ne- ama-nanoparticles egolide, benze ukuhlolwa kwaba inqubo elula futhi kwaba nokufinyeleleka. Banendima enkulu ezinhlosweni zokwelashwa nezokuxilonga.

Okubhekwayo
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/lateral-flow-test
https://www.abingdonhealth.com/services/what-is-lateral-flow-immunoassay/
https://www.abingdonhealth.com/services/what-is-lateral-flow-immunoassay/
https://nanocomposix.com/pages/introduction-to-lateral-flow-rapid-test-diagnostics#target