The ukugeleza kwe-lateral isilingo (I-LFA) iyipulatifomu emiswe kahle yokuhlolwa kwephoyinti lokunakekelwa (i-POC) futhi isizathu ukuthi izindleko zayo eziphansi nokusebenziseka kalula, ama-LFA ajwayelekile akhiqiza imiphumela yekhwalithi noma yokulinganisa futhi kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi ezikhethekile zokuthola ukutholakala kwamanani . I- ukulingana kokugeleza kwe-lateral (I-LFA) yipulatifomu esekwe ephepheni yokuthola nokulinganisa ama-analyties emixubeni eyinkimbinkimbi. Isampula ibekwa kudivayisi yokuhlola, bese imiphumela ikhonjiswa kungakapheli imizuzu engu-5-30. Ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi zentuthuko kanye nokwenza lula ukukhiqizwa kwama-LFA, izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza zande zaba yizinhlobonhlobo zemikhakha edinga ukuhlolwa okusheshayo.
Isampula eliwuketshezi, njengegazi, i-serum, i-plasma, umchamo, amathe, noma okuqinile okuncibilikisiwe, kungezwa ngqo kuphedi lesampula futhi kubi ngedivayisi yokugeleza ye-lateral ezosetshenziswa. Iphedi lesampula liyayekisa isampula bese lihlunga izinhlayiya ezingathandeki njengamaseli abomvu egazi. Isampula lapho-ke lingageleza ngokukhululeka liye kuphedi yokuhlangana, equkethe ama-nanoparticles anemibala kakhulu noma i-fluorescent ane-antibody ebusweni bawo. Lawa ma-nanoparticles omisiwe akhishwa futhi ahlangana nesampula lapho uketshezi lufinyelela kuphedi yokuhlangana. Uma i-antibody ibona noma yimaphi ama-analyties aqondiwe kusampula, azobophela kulomzimba.
Kube nokwanda kwesidingo se- iphuzu-lokunakekelwa izilingo eziningi zokuxilonga ezinemigqa ebanzi yokuhlola evumela ukutholwa okusheshayo nokuvela ngasikhathi sinye kwamasampuli ama-analytics amaningi wokunakekelwa emlandweni wamanje. Ukuhlolwa okunjalo (okungenzeka kube yi-LFA eyodwa) kufanele kube lula ukukwenza ngaphandle kosizo lwelabhoratri noma abantu abaqeqeshwe ekuhlaziyweni kwamakhemikhali. Ama-LFA ama-candidate amahle kakhulu ngoba awabizi ukukhiqiza, kulula ukuwasebenzisa, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, amukelwa kabanzi ngabasebenzisi neziphathimandla ezilawulayo.
Noma i-lateral flow assay iyinzuzo futhi iyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokuhlola kepha kukhona ukusilela nezinkinga ezithile ezibonwe ku-Lateral flow Assay kanye nemiphumela, ikakhulukazi. Lo ngumbuzo ovame ukubuzwa ukuthi kungani imiphumela emihle yamanga ku-lateral flow assay ivela futhi kunezizathu ezahlukahlukene zayo ngokuya ngegatsha lesayensi. Kodwa-ke, isizathu sokuthi imiphumela emihle engamanga iphume ku-Lateral Flow Assay sixoxwa ngokuningiliziwe ngayo kule mpendulo elandelayo. Lapho umugqa wokuhlola ubonakala ngokushoda okuphelele kwe-analyte oyifunayo, umphumela omuhle ongamanga ungadalwa yizinto ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukubopha okungacacisiwe, ukuphinda usebenze kabusha, noma amasosha omzimba we-heterophilic.
Ukwenza i-assay isebenze kahle futhi ususe imiphumela emihle engamanga, kuyadingeka ukukhomba ukuthi yiziphi kulezi zinto noma inhlanganisela yezici edala umphumela omuhle ongamanga. Ukubopha okungacacisiwe kwenzeka lapho kunokusebenzisana okungacacisiwe phakathi kwe-anti-nanoparticle conjugate ne-antibody kulayini wokuhlola, noma ngabe umhlaziyi oqondisiwe ukhona noma cha. Ukubopha okungacacisiwe kungagwenywa kaningi ngokumane kusebenze inqubo yokuhlanganiswa kweprotheni ethile. Ukwenza ngcono ukulayishwa kwamasosha omzimba / amaprotheni (i-antibody encane kakhulu noma eningi kakhulu kungaholela ekubophweni okungacacisiwe), isikhathi sokufukanyelwa kwama-antibody, kanye ne-buffer yokuphendula konke kuyizici zokwenza kahle kokuhlangana. Amaphrotheni, ama-surfactants, noma ama-polymers angasetshenziswa njengezinto zokuvimba engxenyeni ye-test strip (isb. Conjugate diluent, pre-treatment pre-treatment, conjugate pad pre-treatment, running buffer, njll.). I-cross-reactivity yehlukile ekubopheni okungacacisiwe ngoba kwenzeka lapho i-antibody ibophezela kumhlaziyi kusampula okungeyona i-target analyte. Le yinkinga enzima kakhulu ukuyixazulula, futhi imvamisa kudinga ukushintshwa kwezinhlelo zama-antibody ezingaphenduli zisabele ngama-analyties angafuneki.
Isampula equkethe amasosha omzimba heterophilic (ama-antibody endo native abopha ama-antibodies e-assay) angaveza umphumela omuhle ongamanga. Izinhlobo eziningi zama-antibacterial heterophilic zingagcina zibangele ukuxhumanisa phakathi kwe-antibody ehlanganiswe ne-nanoparticle kanye ne-antibody kulayini wokuhlola, noma ngabe i-target analyte ingekho. Uma umphumela omuhle wamanga ukhombisa ukuqina kwesiginali efanayo nangemva kokuxuba isampula, kunokuncipha komugqa ekuqineni kwesiginali, kungahle kube ngenxa yama-antibody heterophilic. Amasosha omzimba womuntu esibonelweni esisebenzisana nama-antibodies e-assay ukukhiqiza imiphumela ene-positive noma engeyona yamanga abizwa ngama-antibody heterophilic. I-heterophilic antibody ingakhula esigulini njengomphumela wokuchayeka ezilwaneni ezithile noma emikhiqizweni yezilwane, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma ama-virus agents, noma hhayi ikakhulukazi. Ukuhlolwa kwemiphumela yokuthola iqiniso okungelona iqiniso kungavela kumaphoyinti amaningana wokuthi leyo ndlela yokuhlola engeyinhle yi-screenee (isb., Smear thick ekhadini le-Haemoccult) nokufundwa kokuhlolwa okungavumelekile. Ukufundwa okubambezelekile nakho kungaholela emiphumeleni engeyinhle, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-latex agglutination. Umphumela wokuthola iqiniso ungabangelwa futhi ukulahleka kwegazi ngokomzimba esihlokweni esingekho ebangeni elijwayelekile.
Imiphumela emihle ingavela ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-homeostasis (isb. ulwelwesi lwamaseli zonakalisiwe futhi i-necrosis / apoptosis iyatholakala nge-histopathology. Le miphumela ingakhuphula ukufuduka kwe-DNA endaweni lapho kuthintwa khona futhi ngokuya ngaphesheya kwezinye izicubu njengoba izicubu ziphendula ukulimala kwamangqamuzana futhi impendulo yohlelo lokuvuvukala iyaqhubeka, kuya ngobuningi bomthamo kanye nobuningi bokuphatha.
The ukulingana kokugeleza kwe-lateral ilula, ifinyeleleka kalula, futhi iyonga kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene ezibalulwe ngenhla imiphumela ingafika ingelona iqiniso, kwesinye isikhathi. Izakhiwo ezihlukile nezikhethekile ze-LFA zisize ekutholakaleni kwama-biomarker ezifo kanye nama-agent athathelanayo kwezokwelapha, ezolimo, ukuphepha kokudla, kanye nokuphepha kwemvelo. Yize inqubo yendlela ikwazile ukuhlala ingashintshi amashumi eminyaka, amasu e-LFA athuthukisiwe ngokuqhubekayo, okuholela ekukhuliseni ukuzwela nokukhiqiza kabusha, kanye nokutholwa ngasikhathi sinye kwama-analytics amaningi. Okubalulekile, lezi zilingo manje zingenziwa ngaphandle kwelaboratori, enikeza izinzuzo ezinkulu zokusetshenziswa emazweni asathuthuka nasendaweni yokunakekelwa, noma ngabe kusensimini noma ezindaweni ezijwayelekile zomtholampilo. Noma i-lateral flow assay ingakhombisa imiphumela engeyinhle futhi okuphambene nalokho, ezinye izindlela zingazanywa futhi zihlolwe ukuqinisekiswa.
Okubhekwayo
https://www.clinisciences.com/en/read/serological-tests-in-mycology-1190/lateral-flow-assay-lfa-2095.html
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165993616300668
https://nanocomposix.com/pages/introduction-to-lateral-flow-rapid-test-diagnostics
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4986465/
https://www.abingdonhealth.com/services/what-is-lateral-flow-immunoassay/
