Yini Okungahle Ibe Yisizathu Semiphumela Emihle Yamanga Ku-Lateral Flow Assay?
The ukugeleza kwe-lateral isilingo (I-LFA) iyipulatifomu emiswe kahle yokuhlolwa kwephoyinti lokunakekelwa (i-POC) futhi isizathu ukuthi izindleko zayo eziphansi nokusebenziseka kalula, ama-LFA ajwayelekile akhiqiza imiphumela yekhwalithi noma yokulinganisa futhi kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi ezikhethekile zokuthola ukutholakala kwamanani . I- ukulingana kokugeleza kwe-lateral (I-LFA) yipulatifomu esekwe ephepheni yokuthola nokulinganisa ama-analyties emixubeni eyinkimbinkimbi. Isampula ibekwa kudivayisi yokuhlola, bese imiphumela ikhonjiswa kungakapheli imizuzu engu-5-30. Ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi zentuthuko kanye nokwenza lula ukukhiqizwa kwama-LFA, izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza zande zaba yizinhlobonhlobo zemikhakha edinga ukuhlolwa okusheshayo.
Isampula eliwuketshezi, njengegazi, i-serum, i-plasma, umchamo, amathe, noma okuqinile okuncibilikisiwe, kungezwa ngqo kuphedi lesampula futhi kubi ngedivayisi yokugeleza ye-lateral ezosetshenziswa. Iphedi lesampula liyayekisa isampula bese lihlunga izinhlayiya ezingathandeki njengamaseli abomvu egazi. Isampula lapho-ke lingageleza ngokukhululeka liye kuphedi yokuhlangana, equkethe ama-nanoparticles anemibala kakhulu noma i-fluorescent ane-antibody ebusweni bawo. Lawa ma-nanoparticles omisiwe akhishwa futhi ahlangana nesampula lapho uketshezi lufinyelela kuphedi yokuhlangana. Uma i-antibody ibona noma yimaphi ama-analyties aqondiwe kusampula, azobophela kulomzimba.
Kube nokwanda kwesidingo se- iphuzu-lokunakekelwa izilingo eziningi zokuxilonga ezinemigqa ebanzi yokuhlola evumela ukutholwa okusheshayo nokuvela ngasikhathi sinye kwamasampuli ama-analytics amaningi wokunakekelwa emlandweni wamanje. Ukuhlolwa okunjalo (okungenzeka kube yi-LFA eyodwa) kufanele kube lula ukukwenza ngaphandle kosizo lwelabhoratri noma abantu abaqeqeshwe ekuhlaziyweni kwamakhemikhali. Ama-LFA ama-candidate amahle kakhulu ngoba awabizi ukukhiqiza, kulula ukuwasebenzisa, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, amukelwa kabanzi ngabasebenzisi neziphathimandla ezilawulayo.
Noma i-lateral flow assay iyinzuzo futhi iyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokuhlola kepha kukhona ukusilela nezinkinga ezithile ezibonwe ku-Lateral flow Assay kanye nemiphumela, ikakhulukazi. Lo ngumbuzo ovame ukubuzwa ukuthi kungani imiphumela emihle yamanga ku-lateral flow assay ivela futhi kunezizathu ezahlukahlukene zayo ngokuya ngegatsha lesayensi. Kodwa-ke, isizathu sokuthi imiphumela emihle engamanga iphume ku-Lateral Flow Assay sixoxwa ngokuningiliziwe ngayo kule mpendulo elandelayo. Lapho umugqa wokuhlola ubonakala ngokushoda okuphelele kwe-analyte oyifunayo, umphumela omuhle ongamanga ungadalwa yizinto ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukubopha okungacacisiwe, ukuphinda usebenze kabusha, noma amasosha omzimba we-heterophilic.
Ukwenza i-assay isebenze kahle futhi ususe imiphumela emihle engamanga, kuyadingeka ukukhomba ukuthi yiziphi kulezi zinto noma inhlanganisela yezici edala umphumela omuhle ongamanga. Ukubopha okungacacisiwe kwenzeka lapho kunokusebenzisana okungacacisiwe phakathi kwe-anti-nanoparticle conjugate ne-antibody kulayini wokuhlola, noma ngabe umhlaziyi oqondisiwe ukhona noma cha. Ukubopha okungacacisiwe kungagwenywa kaningi ngokumane kusebenze inqubo yokuhlanganiswa kweprotheni ethile. Ukwenza ngcono ukulayishwa kwamasosha omzimba / amaprotheni (i-antibody encane kakhulu noma eningi kakhulu kungaholela ekubophweni okungacacisiwe), isikhathi sokufukanyelwa kwama-antibody, kanye ne-buffer yokuphendula konke kuyizici zokwenza kahle kokuhlangana. Amaphrotheni, ama-surfactants, noma ama-polymers angasetshenziswa njengezinto zokuvimba engxenyeni ye-test strip (isb. Conjugate diluent, pre-treatment pre-treatment, conjugate pad pre-treatment, running buffer, njll.). I-cross-reactivity yehlukile ekubopheni okungacacisiwe ngoba kwenzeka lapho i-antibody ibophezela kumhlaziyi kusampula okungeyona i-target analyte. Le yinkinga enzima kakhulu ukuyixazulula, futhi imvamisa kudinga ukushintshwa kwezinhlelo zama-antibody ezingaphenduli zisabele ngama-analyties angafuneki.
Isampula equkethe amasosha omzimba heterophilic (ama-antibody endo native abopha ama-antibodies e-assay) angaveza umphumela omuhle ongamanga. Izinhlobo eziningi zama-antibacterial heterophilic zingagcina zibangele ukuxhumanisa phakathi kwe-antibody ehlanganiswe ne-nanoparticle kanye ne-antibody kulayini wokuhlola, noma ngabe i-target analyte ingekho. Uma umphumela omuhle wamanga ukhombisa ukuqina kwesiginali efanayo nangemva kokuxuba isampula, kunokuncipha komugqa ekuqineni kwesiginali, kungahle kube ngenxa yama-antibody heterophilic. Amasosha omzimba womuntu esibonelweni esisebenzisana nama-antibodies e-assay ukukhiqiza imiphumela ene-positive noma engeyona yamanga abizwa ngama-antibody heterophilic. I-heterophilic antibody ingakhula esigulini njengomphumela wokuchayeka ezilwaneni ezithile noma emikhiqizweni yezilwane, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma ama-virus agents, noma hhayi ikakhulukazi. Ukuhlolwa kwemiphumela yokuthola iqiniso okungelona iqiniso kungavela kumaphoyinti amaningana wokuthi leyo ndlela yokuhlola engeyinhle yi-screenee (isb., Smear thick ekhadini le-Haemoccult) nokufundwa kokuhlolwa okungavumelekile. Ukufundwa okubambezelekile nakho kungaholela emiphumeleni engeyinhle, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-latex agglutination. Umphumela wokuthola iqiniso ungabangelwa futhi ukulahleka kwegazi ngokomzimba esihlokweni esingekho ebangeni elijwayelekile.
Imiphumela emihle ingavela ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-homeostasis (isb. ulwelwesi lwamaseli zonakalisiwe futhi i-necrosis / apoptosis iyatholakala nge-histopathology. Le miphumela ingakhuphula ukufuduka kwe-DNA endaweni lapho kuthintwa khona futhi ngokuya ngaphesheya kwezinye izicubu njengoba izicubu ziphendula ukulimala kwamangqamuzana futhi impendulo yohlelo lokuvuvukala iyaqhubeka, kuya ngobuningi bomthamo kanye nobuningi bokuphatha.
Isiphetho
The ukulingana kokugeleza kwe-lateral Kulula, kulula ukukufinyelela, futhi kuyabiza kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukene okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla imiphumela ingaba yiqiniso, ngezinye izikhathi. Izakhiwo ezihlukile nezingavamile zama-LFA ziye zasiza ekutholeni ama-biomarker esifo kanye nama-agent athelelekayo kwezokwelapha, kwezolimo, ekuphepheni kokudla, kanye nasekuphepheni kwemvelo. Nakuba isimiso sale ndlela siye sakwazi ukuhlala singashintshi amashumi eminyaka, amasu e-LFA aye athuthukiswa njalo, okuholela ekuzweleni okukhulu kanye nokuphindaphindeka, kanye nokutholwa ngasikhathi sinye kwama-analyte amaningi. Okubalulekile, lokhu kuhlolwa manje kungenziwa ngaphandle kwelabhorethri, okunikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokusetshenziswa emazweni asathuthuka kanye nasezindaweni zokunakekelwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusensimini noma ezindaweni ezivamile zezokwelapha. Ngisho noma ukuhlolwa kokugeleza kwe-lateral kungabonisa imiphumela engamanga futhi okuphambene nalokho, ezinye izindlela zingazanywa futhi zihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe.
Okubhekwayo
https://www.clinisciences.com/en/read/serological-tests-in-mycology-1190/lateral-flow-assay-lfa-2095.html
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165993616300668
https://nanocomposix.com/pages/introduction-to-lateral-flow-rapid-test-diagnostics
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4986465/
https://www.abingdonhealth.com/services/what-is-lateral-flow-immunoassay/