Ukuhlolwa kokugeleza kokuhamba kwesikhathi: Izimiso, Imiklamo, namalebula

Ukuhlolwa Kokugeleza Kwe-Lateral yizinto ezisetshenziswa ukwenza izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlola kanye nokuhlolwa kwendawo yokunakekelwa futhi kwaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa okungokoqobo. Ukuhlolwa Kokugeleza Kwe-Lateral yizinto ezincane nezincane ezisetshenziswa cishe kuyo yonke imikhakha yezokwelapha lapho kukhona khona ukutholakala kwama-analyte. Uma sibheka isimo samanje emhlabeni jikelele, zisetshenziselwa futhi ukuhlola i-Coronavirus. Njengoba zithembekile, zingabizi kakhulu, futhi zifinyeleleka kuwo wonke umuntu, zisetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa , ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, kanye nokutheleleka ngamagciwane. Ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kokugeleza kwe-Lateral akudingi noma yiluphi uhlobo lwabasebenzi abaqeqeshwe noma abangochwepheshe. Indlela yokuhlola ukugeleza kwe-lateral isebenza ekuhlanganisweni kwamakhemikhali kwama-antibodies nama-antigen noma i-DNA target-DNA hybridization.

Izimiso

Izimiso ezisebenza ngazo i- Lateral Flow Assay zilula kakhulu. Ku-Lateral Flow Assay, isampula yoketshezi noma i-matrix igeleza ngosizo lwamandla aphakade okungukuthi isenzo se-capillary. I-matric ine-target analyte edingekayo ekutholakaleni nasekukhiqizweni kwemiphumela. Uketshezi lugeleza emigqeni ehlukahlukene ye-polymeric lapho ama-analyte nama-molecule kungahlanganiswa khona. Lonke leli simiso lisebenza ezingxenyeni ezahlukene ze-Lateral Flow assay njengoba kunezinhlayiya ezahlukene lapho uketshezi kufanele lugeleze khona ukuze kukhiqizwe imiphumela. Isinyathelo sokuqala sokusebenzisa le divayisi ukuthi isampula ibekwe kudivayisi egeleza iye kudivayisi yokugeleza eseceleni ngokugcwele. Uma isigeleza, inqubo yokuhlunga yenzeka lapho izinhlayiya ezingafuneki noma ezingafuneki zisuswa noma zihlungwe. Phakathi nesikhathi esinikeziwe sokuqedwa kokuhlolwa kwe-Lateral flow assay, yonke inqubo iyenzeka futhi ngaleyo ndlela imiphumela ingabonakala. Lapho isampula ifika ku-conjugate pad yedivayisi izinhlayiya ezomile ku-pad zixubana nezinhlayiya zesampula. Isinyathelo esilandelayo esizokwenzeka ukugeleza kwama-nanoparticles aboshwe yi-analyte kanye nokufinyelela emigqeni yokulawula okuholela emiphumeleni. Isampula ingaqala ukugeleza iye ku-conjugate pad, equkethe ama-nanoparticles anombala ogqamile noma okhanyayo ane-antibody engqimbeni yawo ephezulu. Kukhona ne-wicking pad emunca ngokuphelele isampula noma utshwala besampula ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho uketshezi olusele ngemuva emigqeni yokuhlola neyokulawula. Ngemva kokuba inqubo iqediwe ngokulandela isimiso sayo sokusebenza, imiphumela iyafinyelelwa.

Designs

Imiklamo yokuhlolwa kokugeleza kwe-lateral yakhiwe uhlelo lwe-chromatographic. Kuhlelo lwe-chromatography, izingxenye zihlukaniswa ngokusekelwe ekuhambeni kwazo nge-membrane yokusabela kanye nokusabela komzimba njengokusabela kwe-antigen kanye ne-antibody noma i-DNA hybridization, kanye ne-nucleic-acid target analyte. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-lateral flow Assay yaklanywa nge-sample pad, i-conjugate bad, i-nitrocellulose membrane, amalebula, ama-nanoparticles, i-adsorbent wicking pad, kanye ne-buffer enamathiselwe kuyo kwamanye amadivayisi kuphela. Imiklamo yokuhlolwa kokugeleza kwe-lateral incike ekusetshenzisweni, ekuzinzeni, ekusebenzeni, nasekuphepheni. Kukhona amamojula okumele alandelwe ekwakhekeni kokuhlolwa kokugeleza kwe-lateral kanye namadivayisi okuhlola. Kumiklamo yokuhlolwa kokugeleza kwe-lateral, izidingo zomzimba zibaluleke kakhulu. Lezi zidingo zomzimba ze-LFA ziyizilinganiso ze-cartridge, izici ze-cartridge okungukuthi i-conjugate pad kanye ne-sample pad, imininingwane yabafundi, njll. Ukwakheka kwe-LFA nakho kuncike ekusebenzeni nasezicini zomklamo othile. Isibonelo, ukusebenza kanye nezici ezihlobene nakho kuzofaka indlela yokuhlaziya, ifomethi ye-test target analyte, ukusebenza komtholampilo, ukuzwela kanye nomkhawulo wokucacisa, njalo njalo. Ezinye izici ezimbili ezibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwe-lateral flow assay izidingo zokuphatha kanye nokufaka izihlahla. Izidingo zokuphatha ze-LFA zihlobene kakhulu nemvelo, kanye nokuphila kwegobolondo. Kanti izidingo zokuthatha amasampula ze-lateral flow assay test izinhlobo zesampula, izinga lokushisa lapho isampula ingagcinwa khona, izinga lokushisa elidingekayo ukuze kugcinwe, kanye nokwelashwa kwesampula.

Amalebula

Kwi-Lateral Flow Assay, kunezinto ezahlukahlukene ezisetshenzisiwe ezinikezwa igama lamalebula. Amanye amalebula asetshenziswa ku-LFA ngama-nanoparticles egolide, amachashazi e-quantum, ubuhlalu be-latex enemibala, ama-nanoparticles esiliva, i-selenium nanoparticles, ama-enzyme, i-liposomes, namanye amaningi. Nawa amalebula ambalwa ku-LFA okuzoxoxwa ngawo. Noma yiliphi ilebula elisetshenziswa ku-Lateral Flow Assay kufanele litholakale endaweni ephansi kakhulu futhi izakhiwo zamalebula kufanele zigcinwe kuze kuhlangane nama-molecule we-biorecognition. Okokuqala, ama-nanoparticles egolide we-colloidal angenye yamalebula avame kakhulu. Izinhlayiya zegolide zeColloidal azinamandla futhi zinokuma okuhle kwesigaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-nanoparticles egolide e-colloidal anokuhlangana okuphezulu maqondana nama-biomolecule okwenza ukusebenza kwawo kube lula. Ubukhulu nokuma kwazo kuyahlukahluka. Ezinye zezici ezivelele kakhulu zama-nanoparticles egolide ukwakheka kwazo okulungele imvelo, ukuhlangana kwazo okuphezulu maqondana nama-molecule namaprotheni, ukusayinda okuhle kwe-optical, nokuzinza kwazo. Enye ilebula esetshenziswa kuma-LFAs yizinhlayiya kazibuthe nezihlanganisi ezisetshenziselwa ukusayina kumadivayisi. Izinhlayiya ezinemibala kazibuthe ku-LFA ziyasetshenziswa noma zikhiqiza imigqa enombala efundwa yinsimbi noma isifundi sokuqhafaza. Kukhona nesifundi se-magnetic assay esisetshenziselwa ukufunda amasiginali avela kubo. Ama-enzyme nawo asetshenziswa ku-LFA futhi andisa isinyathelo esisodwa kuyo yonke inqubo. Ingeza isinyathelo sokungeza i-substrate efanelekile ngemuva kokuqedwa kwesilingo. I-colloidal carbon nayo isetshenziswa kuma-LFA kanye nombala omnyama. Ngenxa yombala wazo, zitholakala kalula ngokuzwela okuphezulu.

Isiphetho

Ukuhlolwa kwe -Lateral Flow Assay kungenye yamadivayisi asetshenziswa kakhulu. Izimiso, imiklamo, kanye namalebula okuhlolwa kwe-lateral flow assay kuhlukile kwamanye amadivayisi e-Lateral Flow Assay aphinde ashintshe ukusebenza kwaleyo device ethile yokuhlola ukugeleza kwe-lateral. Zonke izimiso, imiklamo kanye namalebula ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile ze-LFAs.

Okubhekwayo

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4986465/

https://nanocomposix.com/pages/lateral-flow-assay-design

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-35694-9

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S131961031400129X