I-Lateral Flow Immnunoassay: I-SWOT Yayo
I-lateral Flow (Immuno) Assay; amandla alo, ubuthakathaka, amathuba, nezinsongo
Ukuhlolwa kokugeleza kwegazi okuqondile (Immuno) kungenye yamapulatifomu amadala okuxilonga atholakala futhi kamuva athuthukiswa ngawo-1980. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuhamba kwesikhathi, iphaneli yokwehlukahlukana ilethwe ku- Lateral flow (Immuno) Assay . Kuhlaziyi olubanzi lwe-target flow, imichilo yokuhlola ukugeleza kwegazi okuqondile esekelwe ezimisweni ze-immunochromatographic iyatholakala. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe i-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla ukuthi le nkundla yokuxilonga ithonywa ubuchwepheshe besimanje ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa kwe-Lateral Flow (Immuno) kuhlanganiswa nobuchwepheshe kanye namathuluzi ahlukahlukene njenge-Electrochemical kanye ne-optical transducers kanye nokudluliswa kwedatha okungenantambo. Intuthuko kanye nokwanda kokuhlolwa okubucayi, okune-multianalyte, kanye nokwezibalo okuzohlala kuncintisana nezinye zezindlela zokuxilonga ezisetshenziswa emalabhorethri kubonisa ukuthi zisesikhathini futhi zithuthukile.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-SWOT kwe- Lateral flow Immuno Assay kunikeza incazelo yamandla, ubuthakathaka, amathuba, kanye namandla ngokuningiliziwe. Okokuqala, sixoxa ngamandla e-Lateral flow Imuuno assay; okokuqala ukuthi isetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izindawo lapho kudingeka khona ukunakekelwa njengasemitholampilo, emakamelweni ezimo eziphuthumayo, egumbini lokuhlola odokotela, ukuhlola amakhemikhali e-organic, izinqubo zokuxilonga, ukuhlola ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kwezingozi nezifo ezahlukahlukene ezithelelanayo noma ngisho nasezimbonini zokudla nezokudla, izindawo ze-phytopathological noma ukuxutshwa nezingxenye ezingezinhle kuvamile. Futhi kuyindlela yokuhlola ethandwa kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni we-biowarfare, i-forensics, kanye nokuphoqelelwa komthetho. Nokho, ukuhlolwa okuzimele kwenziwa kumasampula anemiphumela emihle. Futhi, emazweni asathuthuka, i-Lateral Flow Immuno Assay isetshenziswa kakhulu njengoba kungekho sidingo sokuba imichilo ibekwe efrijini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuchazwa kwemiphumela kwanele. I-Lateral Flow Immuno Assays iyalahlwa futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi ingasetshenziswa kanye kuphela bese ilahlwa kamuva.
Ngamandla, ubuthakathaka bukhona futhi. Okokuqala, ama-LFA awakwazi ukugezwa njengoba kuyindlela eyodwa yokuhlola futhi akelulekwa kakhulu ukuthi avimbele imichilo kusengaphambili. Isizathu ukuthi ukuvimba kwangaphambili noma ukuwageza kungabhubhisa ukumanzisa kanye nokulinganisela kahle kwezakhiwo ze-hydrophobicity ezingadala amathuba amabi kakhulu. Obunye ubuthakathaka beLateral Flow Immuno Assays ukuthi abakwazi ukuphatha kabi njengoba ikhithi ine-dropper. Ukusetshenziswa kwethonsi kuqaphile futhi ukungaziphathi kahle kungaholela emaphutheni emiphumeleni. Uma uza kumavolumu wedivayisi ekhuphukayo umkhawulo ungatholwa lapho. Amavolumu anqunyelwe ku-100 μL futhi anwebeka kumamililitha ayi-1. Ukudlula imikhawulo yevolumu kuholela ekonakaleni kwe-immuostrip.
Amathuba Okuhlolwa Kwe-Lateral Flow Immuno Assays aphathelene nezicelo ezingekho elabhorethri. Isibonelo, sibona ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kwenziwa kalula ekhaya. Ukuhlolwa kwasekhaya sekuthole amandla amaningi kangangokuthi kungenziwa kalula ekhaya futhi imiphumela ingatholakala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa okungekhona okukadokotela nakho kuyatholakala okungatholakala nge-inthanethi noma ekhemisi elithile. Amathuba okuhlolwa kwe- Lateral Flow assay ayanda usuku nosuku njengoba kuyifomethi yokuhlola yokuxilonga ephezulu kakhulu yokuthola imiphumela esheshayo njengasezindlini eziphuthumayo, emitholampilo, ekuphoqelelweni komthetho, ekuhloleni ukungabikho noma ukuba khona kwamagciwane, ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha, nokunye okuningi. Elinye ithuba lihlobene nobuthakathaka bevolumu obuchazwe ngaphambili. Ngisho noma kukhona umkhawulo kumanani e-matrix njengegazi, umjuluko, i-serum, umchamo, i-plasma, njll. kuyithuba lokuthola imiphumela enembile kakhulu ngokuhlangabezana nokuzwela okwanele kwe-analyte yamanje. Uma i-analyte eqondiwe ikhona ku-matrix ye-Lateral Flow Immuno Assays (LFAs), ivolumu elinganiselwe ayinandaba; kunalokho, inconywa kakhulu.
Ngaphandle kokuthi i-Lateral Flow Immuno Assays inamandla abo, ubuthakathaka, namathuba kukhona enye into yokuhlaziywa kwe-SWOT okungamele ikhohlwe futhi lokho kuyizinsongo kuLateral Flow Immuno Assays. Njengoba kwaziwa ukuthi kunezinhlelo eziningi zokuhlola ezisekelwe kubuchwepheshe futhi sekube yingxenye yale mboni, ngakho-ke, i-hardware ne-software yalezi zinhlelo akubizi kakhulu kunalokho kuyatholakala kalula emakethe. Ukuyikhombisa ngenkuthalo ngamagama, kungabonakala ukuthi i-chromatography-mass spectrometry ne-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry zidinga abasebenzi, futhi inqubo yokwenza imishini miniaturization iholele ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kuneLateral Flow Immuno Assays. Futhi, ifomethi yokuhlola ye-lab-on-a-chip iya ngokuya isetshenziswa kakhulu futhi iyasebenziseka kune-lateral flow immuno assays devices kanye nefomethi yokuxilonga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-enzyme immuno assays ahlala enziwa elabhoratri lapho abasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe noma abasebenzi bakhona. Kepha manje uma ubheka usongo lwe-hardware nobuchwepheshe izivivinyo zingenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-Hardware kuma-set-up azenzakalelayo aziwa nangokuthi yi-ELISA Robots.
Isiphetho
Izicelo zezokwelapha emazweni aseNtshonalanga zingasiza ekuhlinzekeni kokufaka i-LFA ekwakhiweni kwelebhu-on-a-chip. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ilabhorethri yezokwelapha ivame ukuba seduze, inikeze izinsizakalo ezengeziwe. Izindleko, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zizokhuphuka kakhulu. I-Lateral Flow Immuno Assay yindawo ekhethwayo yezicelo zangempela ezingaphandle kwelabhorethri endaweni yokunakekelwa/isidingo ezindaweni ezilinganiselwe izinsiza. Imichilo ingagcinwa ekushiseni kwegumbi isikhathi eside. Lokho kusho ukuthi, izakhi zokuhlukanisa eziphezulu kumele zitholakale kalula, futhi imiphumela ebonakalayo ebonakalayo noma imiphumela yesilinganiso esilinganiselwe etholakala kusetshenziswa, isibonelo, ukwakheka kwekhodi yebha noma i-reflectometer kumele yanele. Izinhlaka ezintsha ziphakanyisiwe ukwandisa ukuzwela ngokuqinisa isignali ngama-nanoparticles egolide e-colloidal noma ngokuhlanganisa ama-nanoparticles egolide ne-horseradish peroxidase, okuholela ekukhulisweni kwesignali. Kuchazwe futhi ukuthi ungahlonza kanjani ama-antigens nama-antibodies ngokusebenzisa ama-conjugate pads amabili ukuze kunqunywe amaphrotheni amabili. Kodwa-ke, ama-LFA ayifomethi yokuhlola ekhethwayo nesetshenziswa kakhulu yokuxilongwa.
Okubhekwayo
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18696055/
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Advantages-and-disadvantages-of-the-lateral-flow-assay_fig5_304624146
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00216-008-2287-2
https://viroresearch.com/lateral-flow-assay-advantages-disadvantages/